Bibliography

Wilson R., 2004, "Greening the Economy: Introduction", preface: round table held by Democratic Dialogue (www.democraticdialogue.org) on the theme of Greening the Economy in Northern Ireland

http://www.democraticdialogue.org/documents/greenintro.pdf

New Economics Foundation

http://www.neweconomics.org/gen/

Die off (website)

http://dieoff.org/

8.1.2 The economy as a "complex system" and the concept of sustainability

Foxon, T., D. Hammond, and J. Wells. "Can Complexity Studies Advance Sustainability? Scaling in Natural & Social Systems." Complex Systems Summer School Final Project Papers, Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, 2005.

http://www.santafe.edu/education/csss/csss05/papers/foxon_et_al._cssssf05.pdf

Tainter J.A., 1996, "Complexity, Problem Solving, and Sustainable Societies"

http://www.oilcrash.com/articles/complex.htm

from GETTING DOWN TO EARTH: Practical Applications of Ecological Economics,

Island Press, 1996; ISBN 1-55963-503-7 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1559635037

W. Brian Arthur, 1999. "Complexity and the Economy," Science, 2 April 1999, 284, 107-109.

http://www.santafe.edu/arthur/Papers/Pdf_files/Econ_&_Complex_Web.pdf

This article does not refer directly to the sustainability of the economic growth, but focus in issues of divergence and non-predictability

More articles of the author are available in:

http://www.santafe.edu/arthur/Papers/Papers.html

Santa Fe Institute

http://www.santafe.edu/research/economicSocial.php

http://www.santafe.edu/research/publications/working-papers.php

8.1.3 Alternative paradigms of organization of the economy

Participatory Economics

PARECON: http://www.zmag.org/parecon/indexnew.htm

Albert M. and Hahnel R., 1991, The Political Economy of Participatory Economics

Princeton University Press

http://www.zmag.org/books/poltoc.htm

Further alternative organization paradigms are reported in the section "Integration in the production environment"

8.2 Sustainable design

8.2.1 Introduction & websites

Kim J-J, 1998, Introduction to Sustainable Design. National Pollution Prevention Center for Higher Education, Ann Arbor, MI

http://www.umich.edu/~nppcpub/resources/compendia/ARCHpdfs/ARCHdesIntro.pdf

Sustainable Architecture

http://www.arch.hku.hk/research/BEER/sustain.htm

Web Resources

http://www2.fpm.wisc.edu/campusecology/Docs/Sust%20Web%20Resources.htm

The Sustainable Design Resource Guide

http://www.aiacolorado.org/SDRG/home.htm

8.2.2 Paradigms of the living world in sustainable designing

The "sustainable design" methods are structurally related to phenomena that characterize the living world, as the latter is formed according to sustainability criteria. In particular, such phenomena adopted in "sustainable design" methods include both evolution and development (see also: Combination of the "language" approach with living world paradigms). These phenomena have been thoroughly studied within the framework of "Complex Systems".

Magnoli G.C., Bonanni L.A., Khalaf R., Fox M., 2001, "Designing a DNA for responsive architecture:

a new built environment for social sustainability", MIT Media Lab, Development by design Workshop

http://architecture.mit.edu/~carlo/designingadnaforresponsivearchitecture.pdf

E. Tsui, 1996, Evolutionary Architecture: Nature as a Basis for Design. John Wiley & Sons Inc

http://www.tdrinc.com/prin.html

http://www.tdrinc.com/

8.2.3 "Integration" with the physical environment: Urban scale sustainable designing

The "integration" of both natural and built space within a unified system could be based on the maintenance of the natural environment and the utilization of the natural resources which diminishes the necessity of expensive, cumbersome urban infrastructure. This reduces the social cost while improves the quality of the built space.

8.2.3.1 Paolo Soleri: Arcosanti

http://www.arcosanti.org/

Soleri P., 1993, Arcosanti: An Urban Laboratory?. Mayer, AZ.: The Cosanti Press, 1993

http://www.arcosanti.org/

Soleri P., 1969, Arcology: City in the Image of Man, Cambridge, MA.: Mit Press.

8.2.3.2 New Urbanism

Duany A., Speck J., Plater-Zyberk E., 2001, Smart Growth: New Urbanism in American Communities. McGraw-Hill Education

New Urbanism: http://www.newurbanism.org/

Congress for the New Urbanism: http://www.cnu.org

8.2.3.3 Carfree Cities

Crawford J.H., 2000, Carfree Cities. International Books

www.carfree.com

8.2.4 Sustainable building techniques

The choice of materials having low social cost while satisfy the required specifications, the utilization of "soft" natural energy sources, the energy saving through bioclimatic techniques such as planting appropriate areas of the construction, as well as the reduction of the urban infrastructure through the production of the necessary resources within the consumption centers, constitute common sustainable building techniques.

8.2.4.1 Materials

Ries J.P. and Holm T.A., 2004, "A Holistic Approach to Sustainability for the Concrete Community", Information sheet 7700.1

http://www.escsi.org/New%20Web/Sustainable%20Development-LEED.htm

Centre for Design at RMIT (1999). "Introduction to EcoReDesign"

http://www.cfd.rmit.edu.au/services/publications_web_tools/articles/introduction_to_ecoredesign

8.2.4.2 Exploitation of geothermal energy

Lund J.W., 2004, "100 Years of Geothermal Power Production", GHC Bulletin Articles Vol 25, No. 3: revised version of the article appearing in Renewable Energy World, Vol. 7, No. 4

http://geoheat.oit.edu/pdf/pdfindex.htm

Lund J., Sanner B., Rybach L., Curtis R., Hellstrom G., 2003, "Geothermal (Ground-Source) Heat Pumps - A World Overview", GHC Bulletin Articles Vol 25, No. 3: edited and updated version of the article from Renewable Energy World, Vol. 6, No.4

http://geoheat.oit.edu/pdf/pdfindex.htm

Boyd T.L and Lienau P.J., 1995. "Geothermal Heat Pump Performance", Geothermal Resources Council 1995 Annual Meeting, Reno NV.

http://geoheat.oit.edu/techpap.htm#heat

Rafferty K., 2000. "Design Aspects of Commercial Open-Loop Heat Pump Systems", Geo-Heat Center, Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR.

http://geoheat.oit.edu/techpap.htm#heat

Kavanaugh, S., 1995. "Cost Containment for Ground-Source Heat Pumps", The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL.

http://geoheat.oit.edu/techpap.htm#heat

Mendrinos D., Karagiorgas Μ., Karytsas C., 2002, "Use of Geothermal Heat Pumps for Heating of Buildings in Greece" presented in the OPET – Low Temperature Systems in Existing/ Historical Buildings Workshop (OPET – LowExx Workshop), Maastricht, the Netherlands.

http://www.cres.gr/kape/publications/papers/dimosieyseis/geotherm/01-GEO.doc

Websites

Geothermal Energy Technology (GET) subject portal

http://www.osti.gov/get/gethome.html

Geo-Heat Center Publications Technical Reports and Papers

http://geoheat.oit.edu/techpap.htm

U.S. Department of Energy: A Consumer's guide to Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/your_home/space_heating_cooling/index.cfm/mytopic=12640

GEO-HEAT CENTER Geothermal Information and Technology Transfer

http://geoheat.oit.edu/

wikipedia: Geothermal exchange heat pump

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_exchange_heat_pump

GEOEXCHANGE Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium

http://www.geoexchange.org/

International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPA)

http://www.igshpa.okstate.edu/

8.2.4.3 Green Roofs

Peck S.W., Callaghan C., Kuhn M.E. and Bass B., 1999, "Greenbacks from Green Roofs: Forging a New Industry in Canada". Status Report prepared for Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation

http://www.greenroofs.org/pdf/Greenbacks.pdf

Kuhn M., Liu K., and Marshall S., 2001, Proceedings of the Green Roof Infrastructure Workshop. NRC, CMHC

http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/fulltext/nrcc45203/

List of references

http://hortweb.cas.psu.edu/research/greenroofcenter/links.html

See also:

http://www.cityfarmer.org/

8.3 The concept of "integration" in the framework of "complex systems"

Reference to the living world paradigm, spontaneous development, variability, adaptability, formation by evolution, structure development through interactions, as well as the concept of "integration" itself which is closely related to emergent properties, make necessary a broader framework, within the exact sciences, providing the basis for studying both the integrated and the sustainable building. The theory of complex systems provides such a framework, while it has been considered as the basis of many current approaches to both the analysis and the design of the built space.

8.3.1 The theory of complex systems

Brief introduction

http://necsi.org/guide/study.html

Bar‑Yam Y., 1997, Dynamics of Complex Systems. Addison Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts

http://necsi.org/publications/dcs/index.html

Kauffman S.A., 1988, "Origins of order in evolution: self organization and selection". in Workshop on Chaos and Complexity, Eds R Livi, S Ruffo, S Ciliberto, M Buiati (World Scientific Publishing, Singapore), 349-387

Kauffman S.A., 1995, At Home in the Universe. Oxford University Press: NewYork.

Holland J.H., 1995, Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity. Helix Books, Addison-Wesley: Reading, Mass.

8.3.2 Principles of design within the framework of complex systems

Bar-Yam Y., 2003, "When Systems Engineering Fails -- Toward Complex Systems Engineering", International Conference on Systems, Man & Cybernetics, Vol. 2, 2021- 2028, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ

http://necsi.org/projects/yaneer/E3-IEEE_final.pdf

Hensel M., Menges A., Weinstock M., 2004. Emergence: Morphogenetic Design Strategies, Wiley-Academy

Jacobs J., 1993, Death and Life of Great American Cities. Random House USA Inc

http://www.katarxis3.com/Jacobs.htm

Salingaros N.A., 1997, "Life and Complexity in Architecture From a Thermodynamic Analogy", Physics Essays, volume 10 1997, pages 165-173.

http://math.utsa.edu/sphere/salingar/LifeandComp.html

Salingaros N.A., 2005, Principles of Urban Structure. Techne Press, Amsterdam, Holland.

8.3.3 Kinetic Design

Design applications based on the principle of adaptability have been developed within the framework of "kinetic design": the building project has kinetic attributes which allow adaptation to variable conditions.

Kinetic Design Group

http://www.robotecture.com/kdg/

8.4 The "language" paradigm in designing

Information saving and reusability characterizes the integrated systems, as well as the sustainable design in general, as information constitutes an important production resource. A general saving-reusability method is the use of modules which, if combined under appropriate syntactic rules, result in complex modules: this process, recursively applied, makes possible the production of complex desired structures by a construction procedure having a small number of steps. The particular approach to either the design or the construction refers to the notion of a "language". A classical example is C. Alexander's "Pattern Language". The language-based approach can be combined with the living world paradigms of both evolution and development within the framework of complex systems.

8.4.1 "Pattern Language"

Alexander C., 1978, A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. Center for Environmental Structure Series, Oxford University Press Inc, USA.

http://www.patternlanguage.com/

8.4.2 Combination of the "language" approach with living world paradigms

The paradigm of evolution

Salingaros N.A., Mikiten T.M., 2002, "Darwinian Processes and Memes in Architecture: A Memetic Theory of Modernism". Journal of Memetics - Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission, volume 6

http://math.utsa.edu/sphere/salingar/Darwinian.html

The paradigm of development

Salingaros N.A., 1998, "A Scientific Basis for Creating Architectural Forms", Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, volume 15 pages 283-293.

http://math.utsa.edu/sphere/salingar/SciBasis.html

More articles available in: http://math.utsa.edu/sphere/salingar/contr.arch.html

8.5 Integration in the production environment

8.5.1 Network production organization

The environment of production consists of available production technologies, as well as production units which, if appropriately combined, make possible the production of a collective product. Such a combination could organize the production as an integrated system through the network organization of the producers.

Van Alstyne M., 1997 "The State of Network Organization: A Survey in Three Frameworks." Journal of Organizational Computing 7(3).

http://ccs.mit.edu/papers/ccswp192/ccswp192.html

http://stuff.mit.edu/people/marshall/papers/NWOrg.pdf

Stephen P. Borgatti and Pacey C. Foster, 2003 "The Network Paradigm in Organizational Research: A Review and Typology", Journal of Management, Volume 29, Issue 6, December 2003, Pages 991-1013

http://www.analytictech.com/borgatti/papers/borgattifoster.pdf

(see also: Social Capital)

8.5.2 The "Open Source" paradigm

The free distribution and usage of the produced information, as well as the spontaneous formation of the production organization structure, characterize the "open source" paradigm (the term "open source" comes from the field of informatics, as the particular principles were initially applied in software production).

Loshin P., 2006, "The Economics of Free Software", Busines Intelligence Network (website)

http://www.b-eye-network.com/view/2929?jsessionid=52bd6b3715b9b61ceb34f7c5ece9be57

MIT Open Source Building Alliance: invitation for a multiparty modular contribution—according to the "open source" paradigm—to the development of integrated production technology.

http://architecture.mit.edu/~kll/OSBA_proposal.htm

Thinkcycle Open Collaborative Design

http://www.thinkcycle.org/home

8.5.3 Virtual Enterprises

The development of informal, mutually beneficial cooperation relations among independent production units, as well as the informal formation of a unified production mechanism based on such relations, is characterized as "virtual enterprise".

Ader M., 2000, "Technologies for the Virtual Enterprise", in Excellence in Practice Volume III: Innovation & Excellence in Workflow Process and Knowledge Management. L. Fischer, Future Strategies

http://www.e-workflow.org/downloads/gue-tec.pdf

Bryson J.R., Rusten G., 2004, "Virtual Firms and the Rise of Project-Based Organizational Forms for the Supply of Business Service Expertise: Information communication technologies and the stretching of social relationships across space", XIVe Conference RESER – Castres, TIC et relations de services dans une economie globalisee

http://www.reser.net/download/23_S3_BR.PDF

Camarinha-Matos L.M., Afsarmanesh H., Erbe H-H., 2000, Advances In Networked Enterprises: Virtual Organisations, Balanced Automation, and Systems Integration. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston Hardbound

http://www.ifip.org/mail/msg00009.html

Katzy B.R. and Schuh G., 1999, "The Virtual Enterprise", in Handbook of Life Cycle Engineering, Molina E, Molina A., Kluwer Academic Publishers

http://portal.cetim.org/file/1/68/KatzySchuh-1999-The_virtual_enterprise.pdf

8.5.4 Social Capital

The development of various forms of networked production requires a social infrastructure which includes both knowledge and skill variability, as well as a network of appropriate social relations. This infrastructure is characterized as "social capital".

http://www.bowlingalone.com/socialcapital.php3

http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?contentid=1371&knlgAreaID=140&subsecid=293

Burt R., 2000, "The network structure of social capital", in Research in Organizational Behavior, Volume 22, BM Staw, RL Sutton (Eds), JAI Press, Greenwich CT

http://gsbwww.uchicago.edu/fac/ronald.burt/research/NSSC.pdf

Jarvenpaa, E., Stina I., 2005, "Social capital and knowledge management of organizational network". The 5th European Conference on Organizational Knowledge, Learning and Capabilities, Innsbruck

http://www.ofenhandwerk.com/oklc/pdf_files/I-4_jarvenpaa.pdf

8.5.5 Study of forms of "integration" of the production within the framework of "complex systems"

The development of forms of ad hoc cooperation, as well as the emergence of synergistic phenomena has been studied within the framework of complex systems.

M. Klein, H. Sayama, P. Faratin, and Y. Bar-Yam: What complex systems research can teach us about collaborative design, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD-2001), 5-12, 2001, IEEE Press.

http://necsi.org/projects/klein/cscwd-01.pdf

J. K. Werfel and Y. Bar-Yam, The evolution of reproductive restraint through social communication, PNAS 101, 11019-11024, 2004.

http://necsi.org/projects/yaneer/WerfelBarYamPNAS2004.pdf

M. Klein, H. Sayama, P. Faratin, and Y. Bar-Yam: The dynamics of collaborative design: Insights from complex systems and negotiation research, Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications (CERA Journal) 11:3, 201-209, September

http://necsi.org/projects/klein/klein2003-cera.pdf

M. Klein, H. Sayama, P. Faratin, and Y. Bar-Yam: A complex systems perspective on computer-supported collaborative design technology, Communications of the ACM 45:11, 27-31, 2002.

http://necsi.org/projects/klein/klein2002-cacm.pdf

HOME